[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":372},["ShallowReactive",2],{"content:lexikon":3},[4,35,61,88,110,135,159,186,212,235,258,280,301,324,348],{"slug":5,"title":6,"metaTitle":7,"metaDescription":8,"excerpt":9,"toc":10,"updated":26,"related":27},"apartment-area-terms","Built area and usable area","Built area and usable area: apartment figures","Built area, usable area, terraces counted at a fraction and the share of common parts: why the same apartment can carry two different square-metre figures.","Built area, usable area and terrace area answer different questions, and a listing rarely says which one it is quoting. The difference between them can be the size of a room.",[11,14,17,20,23],{"id":12,"text":13},"built-area","Built area: what is inside the figure",{"id":15,"text":16},"usable-area","Usable area: the floor you walk on",{"id":18,"text":19},"terraces","Terraces, balconies and storage",{"id":21,"text":22},"common-parts","Common parts and the participation quota",{"id":24,"text":25},"two-figures","Why one apartment shows two figures","2026-10-04",{"services":28,"lexikon":31},[29,30],"residential-development","full-cycle-development",[32,33,34],"nota-simple","off-plan-purchase","handover-and-defects-liability",{"slug":33,"title":36,"metaTitle":37,"metaDescription":38,"excerpt":39,"toc":40,"updated":26,"related":56},"Buying off plan (sobre plano)","Buying off plan in Spain: what you sign","Buying off plan in Spain: what the private contract commits you to, how stage payments follow the works, and why advance payments carry a guarantee.","Off plan means paying during construction and becoming the owner at the end. The contract, the payment milestones and the guarantee of advances decide how safe that is.",[41,44,47,50,53],{"id":42,"text":43},"what-you-sign","What the buyer is actually signing",{"id":45,"text":46},"stage-payments","What the stage payments are tied to",{"id":48,"text":49},"bank-guarantee","Why advance payments carry a guarantee",{"id":51,"text":52},"versus-finished","How it differs from buying a finished flat",{"id":54,"text":55},"before-you-commit","What to settle before the first transfer",{"services":57,"lexikon":58},[29,30],[59,60,34],"reservation-agreement","notary-and-escritura",{"slug":62,"title":63,"metaTitle":64,"metaDescription":65,"excerpt":66,"toc":67,"updated":26,"related":83},"community-of-owners","Community of owners","Community of owners and the service charge","How a comunidad de propietarios works: what the service charge pays for, how the owners' meeting decides, and what to ask about arrears and the reserve fund.","Owners of flats in the same building belong to a community of owners whether they want to or not. It sets its own budget, votes on works, and bills each flat by its registered share.",[68,71,74,77,80],{"id":69,"text":70},"what-it-is","What the community of owners is",{"id":72,"text":73},"the-charge","What the monthly charge pays for",{"id":75,"text":76},"decisions","Decisions at the owners' meeting",{"id":78,"text":79},"arrears","Arrears, the debt certificate and the reserve fund",{"id":81,"text":82},"first-community","From developer to community in a new district",{"services":84,"lexikon":86},[29,85],"commercial-development",[34,5,87],"spanish-property-taxes",{"slug":89,"title":90,"metaTitle":91,"metaDescription":92,"excerpt":93,"toc":94,"updated":26,"related":107},"energy-performance-certificate","Energy performance certificate","Energy performance certificate: what the class means","What the letter class on an energy certificate actually measures, why the document is required to sell or let in the EU, and what it says about running costs.","The energy certificate rates the building, not the household. Read as a comparison between dwellings it is useful; read as a forecast of next winter's bill it is not.",[95,98,101,104],{"id":96,"text":97},"what-it-measures","What the letter class measures",{"id":99,"text":100},"why-mandatory","Why it is required to sell or let",{"id":102,"text":103},"running-costs","What it says about running costs",{"id":105,"text":106},"new-buildings","What a new building normally reaches",{"services":108,"lexikon":109},[29,30],[5,34,33],{"slug":60,"title":111,"metaTitle":112,"metaDescription":113,"excerpt":114,"toc":115,"updated":26,"related":131},"Escritura pública and registration","Escritura publica and the Spanish registry","What a Spanish notary checks before authorising the escritura, what changes at the signing table, and why the registry entry is what keeps ownership safe.","The notarial deed is the day a purchase becomes real; the entry in the Registro de la Propiedad is what makes the ownership hard to attack. They are two separate steps.",[116,119,122,125,128],{"id":117,"text":118},"notary-role","What a Spanish notary does",{"id":120,"text":121},"checks","What is checked before the deed is authorised",{"id":123,"text":124},"the-table","What changes at the signing table",{"id":126,"text":127},"registration","From the deed to the registry entry",{"id":129,"text":130},"third-parties","Why registration, and not the deed, keeps ownership safe",{"services":132,"lexikon":133},[29,30],[32,87,134],"nie-number",{"slug":34,"title":136,"metaTitle":137,"metaDescription":138,"excerpt":139,"toc":140,"updated":26,"related":156},"Handover and defects liability","Handover and defects liability for a new home","The handover inspection and its snag list, what a developer remains liable for after the keys change hands, who maintains what, and how to report a defect.","Handover is an appointment with a document at the end of it. What is written into that document, and what is reported afterwards, decides how the first years in a new home go.",[141,144,147,150,153],{"id":142,"text":143},"inspection","The handover inspection",{"id":145,"text":146},"snag-list","The snag list and what belongs on it",{"id":148,"text":149},"after-the-keys","What the developer remains liable for",{"id":151,"text":152},"who-maintains","Who maintains what in the first year",{"id":154,"text":155},"reporting","Reporting a defect so that it is recorded",{"services":157,"lexikon":158},[29,30],[62,60,89],{"slug":160,"title":161,"metaTitle":162,"metaDescription":163,"excerpt":164,"toc":165,"updated":26,"related":181},"lithuanian-property-register","Lithuanian Real Property Register","Lithuanian Real Property Register — Lexicon","Registru centras keeps Lithuania’s property register: what an entry holds, how an extract is ordered, and what it proves about ownership and encumbrances.","The Lithuanian Centre of Registers records every flat, plot and parking space, its owners and the charges against it. An extract is the document a buyer reads first.",[166,169,172,175,178],{"id":167,"text":168},"what-it-holds","What an entry in the register holds",{"id":170,"text":171},"getting-an-extract","How an extract is obtained",{"id":173,"text":174},"ownership-and-encumbrances","What it proves, and what it leaves out",{"id":176,"text":177},"legal-entities-register","Read together with the register of legal entities",{"id":179,"text":180},"reading-it-as-a-buyer","The order a buyer reads it in",{"services":182,"lexikon":183},[29,30],[184,185,32],"notarised-purchase-lithuania","uab-company-code-and-vat",{"slug":187,"title":188,"metaTitle":189,"metaDescription":190,"excerpt":191,"toc":192,"updated":26,"related":208},"mixed-use-ground-floor","Mixed-Use Ground Floor","Mixed-Use Ground Floor — Lexicon","Why shops, a pharmacy, cafes and a clinic sit under the flats, how the units are designed for noise, deliveries and air, and what residents gain and lose.","Commercial ground floors are a planning decision, not a letting decision. Whether they work for the people upstairs is settled in the drawings.",[193,196,199,202,205],{"id":194,"text":195},"why-the-ground-floor","Why commerce goes downstairs",{"id":197,"text":198},"planned-at-design-stage","Designed in, not fitted later",{"id":200,"text":201},"noise-smells-deliveries","Noise, smells and deliveries",{"id":203,"text":204},"what-residents-gain","What residents gain",{"id":206,"text":207},"what-residents-give-up","What residents give up",{"services":209,"lexikon":210},[85,29,30],[211,62,5],"development-cycle",{"slug":134,"title":213,"metaTitle":214,"metaDescription":215,"excerpt":216,"toc":217,"updated":26,"related":232},"NIE number in Spain","NIE number in Spain: what it is and is not","The NIE is the identification and tax number Spain gives a foreigner. Why no purchase, mortgage or utility contract works without it, and where to apply.","No deed, tax form or utility contract in Spain functions without a NIE. The number is personal and permanent and, despite a widespread belief, it is not a residence permit.",[218,220,223,226,229],{"id":69,"text":219},"What the NIE is",{"id":221,"text":222},"where-it-is-needed","Where it is needed",{"id":224,"text":225},"how-to-apply","Where and how it is applied for",{"id":227,"text":228},"not-a-permit","What the NIE is not",{"id":230,"text":231},"keeping-it","Keeping it usable",{"services":233,"lexikon":234},[29,85],[60,87,33],{"slug":32,"title":236,"metaTitle":237,"metaDescription":238,"excerpt":239,"toc":240,"updated":26,"related":255},"Nota simple: the registry extract","Nota simple: the Spanish land registry extract","What a nota simple shows about a Spanish property, what a cargas entry means for the buyer, when it is read and how recent the extract has to be.","The nota simple is a printout of what the Spanish land registry currently says about one property: who owns it, how it is described, and what burdens it. It is read before money moves, not after.",[241,243,246,249,252],{"id":69,"text":242},"What the nota simple is",{"id":244,"text":245},"what-it-shows","What the extract shows, and what it does not",{"id":247,"text":248},"cargas","Cargas: what a charge means in practice",{"id":250,"text":251},"freshness","How recent the extract has to be",{"id":253,"text":254},"new-build","The extract on a new-build purchase",{"services":256,"lexikon":257},[29,30],[60,33,160],{"slug":184,"title":259,"metaTitle":260,"metaDescription":261,"excerpt":262,"toc":263,"updated":26,"related":277},"Notarised Purchase in Lithuania","Notarised Purchase in Lithuania — Lexicon","How a flat purchase in Lithuania runs: preliminary agreement and deposit, the notary’s checks, the notarial deed, registration, and buying before completion.","A Lithuanian flat changes hands in notarial form. The steps before that deed — reservation, preliminary agreement, payment arrangements — decide how safe the day of signing is.",[264,267,269,272,274],{"id":265,"text":266},"preliminary-agreement","Preliminary agreement and deposit",{"id":117,"text":268},"What the notary actually checks",{"id":270,"text":271},"purchase-sale-deed","The notarial purchase-sale deed",{"id":126,"text":273},"Registration, keys and money",{"id":275,"text":276},"building-not-finished","Buying while the building is going up",{"services":278,"lexikon":279},[29,85],[160,33,59],{"slug":59,"title":281,"metaTitle":282,"metaDescription":283,"excerpt":284,"toc":285,"updated":26,"related":298},"Reservation agreement (contrato de reserva)","Reservation agreement in Spain: before you sign","What a contrato de reserva fixes, how the reserved sum relates to the purchase price, when the money is refundable, and which clauses to read before signing.","A reservation takes a flat off the market for a set period. Its value sits in two lines: how precisely the unit is described, and what happens to the money if no contract follows.",[286,289,292,295],{"id":287,"text":288},"what-it-fixes","What a reservation actually fixes",{"id":290,"text":291},"deposit-refundable","When the money comes back, and when it does not",{"id":293,"text":294},"next-contract","From reservation to the purchase contract",{"id":296,"text":297},"before-signing","What to read before you sign",{"services":299,"lexikon":300},[29,30],[33,134,32],{"slug":87,"title":302,"metaTitle":303,"metaDescription":304,"excerpt":305,"toc":306,"updated":26,"related":321},"Taxes on a Spanish purchase","Taxes and costs of a Spanish purchase","IVA and AJD on a new build, ITP on a resale, notary and registry fees, the annual IBI and plusvalia when you sell: who pays what, and at which moment.","A Spanish purchase carries a sequence of taxes rather than one. Who pays which of them, and at what moment, is more useful to learn than any rate you will read online.",[307,310,312,315,318],{"id":308,"text":309},"two-regimes","Two regimes: new build and resale",{"id":253,"text":311},"A new build: IVA and AJD",{"id":313,"text":314},"resale","A resale: transfer tax instead",{"id":316,"text":317},"signing-costs","Notary, registry and who bears them",{"id":319,"text":320},"owning-and-selling","While you own, and when you sell",{"services":322,"lexikon":323},[29,85],[60,33,62],{"slug":211,"title":325,"metaTitle":326,"metaDescription":327,"excerpt":328,"toc":329,"updated":26,"related":345},"The Development Cycle","The Development Cycle — Lexicon","From land plot and concept through permits, design, construction, sales and commissioning to running the territory — and what each stage decides for residents.","Development is a chain of decisions, and most of the ones residents feel daily are taken long before the first wall. Here is what each stage settles.",[330,333,336,339,342],{"id":331,"text":332},"land-and-concept","Land plot and concept",{"id":334,"text":335},"permits-and-design","Permits and design",{"id":337,"text":338},"construction","Construction",{"id":340,"text":341},"sales-and-commissioning","Sales and commissioning",{"id":343,"text":344},"operating-the-territory","Operating the territory afterwards",{"services":346,"lexikon":347},[30,29,85],[187,34,33],{"slug":185,"title":349,"metaTitle":350,"metaDescription":351,"excerpt":352,"toc":353,"updated":26,"related":369},"UAB, Company Code and VAT","UAB, Company Code and VAT Number — Lexicon","What a Lithuanian UAB is, what the company code and the VAT number identify, where both can be verified, and what else to check before a buyer transfers money.","Behind every flat sold in Lithuania there is a legal entity with a code. Knowing what a UAB is and where its details can be verified takes a few minutes before a transfer.",[354,357,360,363,366],{"id":355,"text":356},"what-a-uab-is","What a UAB is",{"id":358,"text":359},"company-code","The company code",{"id":361,"text":362},"vat-number","The VAT number",{"id":364,"text":365},"where-to-verify","Where both can be verified",{"id":367,"text":368},"before-you-pay","What else to look at before paying",{"services":370,"lexikon":371},[29,30],[160,184,59],1791193708628]